fa بررسی مروری سیستماتیک عوامل میکروبی بستنی های سنتی در ایران از سال 1390 تا 1400 مروری Review Article <a name="_Hlk95815061"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">با</span></span></a> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">توجه</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">به</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">نقش</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">و</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">اهمیت</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">سلامت</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">غذا</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">در</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">برقراری</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">امنیت</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">غذایی و</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">از</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">آن&shy;جا</span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">یی</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">که</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">بستنی</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">یکی</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">از</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">اقلام</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">غذایی</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">پرمصرف</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">در بین کودکان و</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">نوجوانان</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">است و به دلیل وجود مواد مغذی در آن محیطی مناسب برای رشد &nbsp;بسیاری از پاتوژن ها می باشد. &nbsp;اکثر بستنی ها در طول تولید و نگهداری به میکروب ها آلوده می شوند و می توانند باعث عفونت در کودکان، افراد مسن و بیماران مبتلا به سرکوب سیستم ایمنی شوند بنابراین نظارت</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">دقیق</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">بهداشتی</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">و</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">کنترل</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">مراکز</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">تهیه، توزیع،</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">عرضه</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">و</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">استفاده</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">از</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">شیر</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">پاستوریزه</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">در</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">تهیه</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">این</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">فرآورده الزامی</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">است. </span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">هدف اصلی این مقاله مروری، بررسی مشکل باکتری های بیماریزا در بستنی سنتی و توصیف ویژگی های اصلی این باکتری ها و بیماری های ناشی از آنها است.</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">در</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">این</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">مطالعه</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">مروری،</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">ابتدا</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">واژه</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">گان</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">مهم</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">کلیدی</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">بستنی سنتی ،</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">آلودگی</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">میکروبی،</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">اسامی</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">برخی</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">از باکتری های غذازاد در بستنی در پایگاه های معتبر اطلاعاتی همچون </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">GoogleScholar </span></span></span></span><strong><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">،</span></span></span></strong><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">Irandoc </span></span></span></span><strong><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">،</span></span></span></strong><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">Magiran </span></span></span></span><strong><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">،</span></span></span></strong><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">Elsevier </span></span></span></span><strong><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">،</span></span></span></strong><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">Science Direct </span></span></span></span><strong><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">،</span></span></span></strong><span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">Pub</span></span></span></span> <span dir="LTR"><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">Med</span></span></span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">جستجو</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">گردید</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">و</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">بعد</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">از</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">مطالعه</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">خلاصه</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">و</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">متن</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">مقالات،</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">پایان نامه</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">ها</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">و</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">یا</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">مقالات</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">ارائه</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">شده</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">در</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">کنفرانس</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">ها،</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">14</span></span><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">مقالات</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">مرتبط</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">با</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">موضوع از سال 1390 تا 1400</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">انتخاب</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">شدند. نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد که مهم ترین باکتری های بیماری‌زای بستنی شامل : <em>اشریشیا کلی</em>، <em>استافیلوکوکوس اورئوس</em>،</span></span> <em><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">باسیلوس سرئوس</span></span></em><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">، انتروباکتریاسه، <em>کلیفرم</em>، <em>لیستریا</em> <em>مونوسیتوژنز</em>، <em>انتروکوک</em> است.&nbsp; با</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">شناخت عوامل بیماری زا و راه های انتقال آن&nbsp; و</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">در</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">نهایت</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">اعمال</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">شیوه های</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">کنترل و نظارت</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">و</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">پیشگیری می تواند نقش</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">موثری</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">در</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">ارتقای کیفیت</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">بهداشتی</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">و</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">کاهش</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">آلودگی</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">باکتریایی</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">بستنی</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">سنتی داشته</span></span> <span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;">باشد.</span></span><strong><span style="color:black;"><span style="font-family:B Nazanin;"></span></span></strong> Considering the role and importance of food in food security and as the ice cream is one of the daily food items between children and adolescents, and due to the presence of nutrients in it, it is an appropriate environment for the growth of many pathogens. Ice creams products are mainly contaminated with germs during production and storage and can cause infections in children, the elderly, and immunocompromised patients. &nbsp;Therefore, strict hygienic supervision and control of production, distribution, supply, and use of pasteurized milk in the preparation of this product are required. The primary purpose of this review article is to investigate the problem of pathogenic bacteria in traditional ice cream and describe the main features of these bacteria and the diseases caused by them. In this review study, first, the keywords of traditional ice cream, microbial contamination, the names of some food-eating bacteria in the ice cream were searched in reputable databases such as GoogleScholar, Irandoc, Magiran, Elsevier, Science Direct, Pub Med. After reading the summary and the text of articles, dissertations, or papers presented at conferences, 14 related articles from 2012 to 2021 were selected. This study showed that the most important pathogenic bacteria of ice cream include: <em>Escherichia</em> <em>coli</em>, <em>Staphylococcus</em> <em>aureus</em>, <em>Bacillus</em> <em>cereus</em>, Enterobacteriaceae, <em>coliforms</em>, <em>Listeria</em> <em>monocytogenes</em>, <em>Enterococcus</em>. Therefore, by recognizing pathogens and the ways of their transmission and finally applying control and monitoring methods, it can play an influential role in improving the health quality and reducing bacterial contamination of traditional ice cream.<span dir="RTL"></span> باکتری های بیماریزا, اشرشیاکلی, استافیلوکوکوس, بستنی سنتی Pathogenic bacteria, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus, traditional ice cream 49 60 http://zoonosis.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-150-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Sara Bagheri Kakash سارا باقری کاکش sara.bagheri05@gmail.com 4623367118 1003194753284600148 Yes Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran دانشکده دامپزشکی، واحد شهرکرد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شهرکرد، ایران Mohammad Reza Saebi محمدرضا صائبی Msaebi0311@gmail.com 5499978247 1003194753284600149 No Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran دانشکده دامپزشکی، واحد شهرکرد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شهرکرد، ایران