، akbarein@ut.ac.ir
چکیده: (122 مشاهده)
بیماری کووید-19 اواخر سال 2019 میلادی در کشور چین شروع شد و با آغاز شیوع این بیماری در شهر های مختلف چین و دنیا، قرنطینه ی سراسری و راهکار های مداخله ای مختلف در جهت کنترل این پاندمی نیز آغاز گردید. در نهایت پس از حدود سه سال مبارزه با این بیماری به پایانی مرحله ی اضطراری پاندمی کووید-19 نزدیک شدیم. درست هست که این بیماری شدیداً مسری که نبض اقتصاد جهان را در این سال ها نابود کرد اما از طرفی راهکار های مداخله ای مبارزه با این بیماری نیز پیامد ها و تاثیرات بزرگی بر اقتصاد و سلامت عمومی جامعه گذاشته است. البته بسیاری از پیامد ها سال های بعد مشخص می گردند. در این مطالعه با جست‌وجوی واژه‌ی «کووید-19» همراه با «اقتصاد» یا «پیامد اقتصادی» و «کووید-19» همراه با «اجتماعی» یا «پیامد اجتماعی» به زبان انگلیسی در پایگاه‌های داده مانندPubmed ، Google Scholar، Science Direct و به زبان فارسی در پایگاه های داده ی (SID) و (Magiran) در بازه ی زمان سال های 2020 تا 2023 بررسی گردیدند. اضطراب، ترس، مشکلات روانی، آسیب های اجتماعی و از سوی دیگر فقر، کاهش سطح درآمد صدک های پایین جامعه، عدم دسترسی به آموزش با کیفیت از سوی دیگر از جمله مهمترین پیامد های اجتماعی و اقتصادی این پاندمی می باشند. این پاندمی سبب گسترش نابرابری عمومی در سطح اجتماع چه از لحاظ رفاه اجتماعی و اقتصادی و چه از لحاظ سلامت شده است. در این مقاله مهمترین عوامل موثر بر آثار اقتصادی و اجتماعی کووید-19 بررسی شده است.
فهرست منابع
1. Smith KM, Machalaba CC, Seifman R, Feferholtz Y, Karesh WB. Infectious disease and economics: The case for considering multi-sectoral impacts. One health. 2019;7:100080. [DOI:10.1016/j.onehlt.2018.100080] [PMID] []
2. Kelvin DJ, Rubino S. Fear of the novel coronavirus. The Journal of infection in developing countries. 2020;14(01):1-2. [DOI:10.3855/jidc.12496] [PMID]
3. Zandieh Mohammad Arad; Akbarein, Hesamedin. Review on The History of Contagious Respiratory Diseases: Tuberculosis, Influenza, Plague. presented at: National Conference on Natural Products Affecting Respiratory Infections; 2021; https://civilica.com/doc/1410661 [In Persian].
4. World Health Organization (WHO). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. https://www.who.int/europe/emergencies/situations/covid-1
5. Lau SK, Chan JF. Coronaviruses: emerging and re-emerging pathogens in humans and animals. BioMed Central; 2015. p. 1-3. [DOI:10.1186/s12985-015-0432-z] [PMID] []
6. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Symptoms of COVID-19. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/symptoms-testing/symptoms.html
7. Rosales-Mendoza S, Comas-García M, González-Ortega O. Biomedical innovations to combat COVID-19. Academic Press; 2021.
8. World Health Organization (WHO). WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard. https://covid19.who.int/
9. Mackay IM, Arden KE. MERS coronavirus: diagnostics, epidemiology and transmission. Virology journal. 2015;12(1):1-21. [DOI:10.1186/s12985-015-0439-5] [PMID] []
10. Peiris J, Lai S, Poon L, et al. Coronavirus as a possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome. The lancet. 2003;361(9366):1319-1325. [DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(03)13077-2] [PMID]
11. De Wit E, Van Doremalen N, Falzarano D, Munster VJ. SARS and MERS: recent insights into emerging coronaviruses. Nature reviews microbiology. 2016;14(8):523-534. [DOI:10.1038/nrmicro.2016.81] [PMID] []
12. Stadler K, Masignani V, Eickmann M, et al. SARS - beginning to understand a new virus. Nature reviews microbiology. 2003/12/01 2003;1(3):209-218. doi:10.1038/nrmicro775 [DOI:10.1038/nrmicro775] [PMID] []
13. Mackay IM, Arden KE. An Opportunistic Pathogen Afforded Ample Opportunities: Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus. Viruses. 2017;9(12):369. [DOI:10.3390/v9120369] [PMID] []
14. Mancera Gracia JC, Pearce DS, Masic A, Balasch M. Influenza A virus in swine: epidemiology, challenges and vaccination strategies. Frontiers in Veterinary Science. 2020;7:647. [DOI:10.3389/fvets.2020.00647] [PMID] []
15. Yu X, Saphire EO. Development and Structural Analysis of Antibody Therapeutics for Filoviruses. Pathogens. 2022;11(3):374. [DOI:10.3390/pathogens11030374] [PMID] []
16. Petrovan SO, Aldridge DC, Bartlett H, et al. Post COVID‐19: a solution scan of options for preventing future zoonotic epidemics. Biological Reviews. 2021;96(6):2694-2715. [DOI:10.1111/brv.12774] [PMID] []
17. Rahman MT, Sobur MA, Islam MS, et al. Zoonotic diseases: etiology, impact, and control. Microorganisms. 2020;8(9):1405. [DOI:10.3390/microorganisms8091405] [PMID] []
18. Lu H, Zhao Y, Zhang J, et al. Date of origin of the SARS coronavirus strains. BMC Infectious Diseases. 2004;4(1):1-6. [DOI:10.1186/1471-2334-4-3] [PMID] []
19. Chan JF-W, Kok K-H, Zhu Z, et al. Genomic characterization of the 2019 novel human-pathogenic coronavirus isolated from a patient with atypical pneumonia after visiting Wuhan. Emerging microbes & infections. 2020;9(1):221-236. [DOI:10.1080/22221751.2020.1719902] [PMID] []
20. Lu R, Zhao X, Li J, et al. Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding. The lancet. 2020;395(10224):565-574. [DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30251-8] [PMID]
21. Kan B, Wang M, Jing H, et al. Molecular evolution analysis and geographic investigation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-like virus in palm civets at an animal market and on farms. Journal of virology. 2005;79(18):11892-11900. [DOI:10.1128/JVI.79.18.11892-11900.2005] [PMID] []
22. Chan PK, Chan MC. Tracing the SARS-coronavirus. Journal of thoracic disease. 2013;5(Suppl 2):S118.
23. Guo Y-R, Cao Q-D, Hong Z-S, et al. The origin, transmission and clinical therapies on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak-an update on the status. Military medical research. 2020;7:1-10. [DOI:10.1186/s40779-020-00240-0] [PMID] []
24. Ray AS, Bhattacharya K. An Overview on the Zoonotic Aspects of COVID-19. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences. 2023:1-5. [DOI:10.1007/s40011-023-01445-8] [PMID] []
25. Boldog P, Tekeli T, Vizi Z, Dénes A, Bartha FA, Röst G. Risk assessment of novel coronavirus COVID-19 outbreaks outside China. Journal of clinical medicine. 2020;9(2):571. [DOI:10.3390/jcm9020571] [PMID] []
26. Burki TK. Coronavirus in China. The Lancet Respiratory Medicine. 2020;8(3):238. [DOI:10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30056-4] [PMID]
27. Ahmad T, Baig M, Hui J. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and economic impact. Pakistan journal of medical sciences. 2020;36(COVID19-S4):S73. [DOI:10.12669/pjms.36.COVID19-S4.2638]
28. Shih G. China is subtly stoking COVID-19 conspiracy theories that blame the US for outbreak. Washington Post, March. 2020;5
29. Rój J, Jankowiak M. Socioeconomic determinants of health and their unequal distribution in Poland. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2021;18(20):10856. [DOI:10.3390/ijerph182010856] [PMID] []
30. Moran-Perez G. A timeline of outbreaks from 2000 to present. Daily Sundial, February. 2020;
31. Cieplak MV. Bioterrorism policy reform and implementation in the United States: The impact of the 2001 anthrax attacks. University of Birmingham; 2013.
32. Ceylan RF, Ozkan B. The economic effects of epidemics: from SARS and MERS to COVID-19. Research Journal in Advanced Humanities. 2020;1(2):21-29. [DOI:10.58256/rjah.v1i2.132]
33. Mumps outbreak in US community has high cost burden. PharmacoEconomics & Outcomes News. 2020/01/01 2020;844(1):24-24. doi:10.1007/s40274-020-6487-0 [DOI:10.1007/s40274-020-6487-0]
34. Szucs T. The socio-economic burden of influenza. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 1999;44(suppl_2):11-15. doi:10.1093/jac/44.suppl_2.11 [DOI:10.1093/jac/44.suppl_2.11] [PMID]
35. Jacob ST, Crozier I, Fischer WA, et al. Ebola virus disease. Nature reviews Disease primers. 2020;6(1):13. [DOI:10.1038/s41572-020-0147-3] [PMID] []
36. (CDC) CfDCaP. History of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) Outbreaks.
37. Corps M. Chapter 4: How does Ebola affect the economy. Retrieved February. 2019;27:2020.
38. Bank TW. Summary on the Ebola Recovery Plan.
39. Akbulaev N, Mammadov I, Aliyev V. Economic impact of COVID-19. Sylwan. 2020;164(5) [DOI:10.2139/ssrn.3649813]
40. Zhou L, Chen Z. Are CGE models reliable for disaster impact analyses? Economic Systems Research. 2021;33(1):20-46. [DOI:10.1080/09535314.2020.1780566]
41. Rose A, Benavides J, Chang SE, Szczesniak P, Lim D. The regional economic impact of an earthquake: Direct and indirect effects of electricity lifeline disruptions. Journal of regional Science. 1997;37(3):437-458. [DOI:10.1111/0022-4146.00063]
42. FEMA. Hazus: FEMA's methodology for estimating potential losses from disasters. FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency Washington, DC; 2011.
43. Geisecke J, Burns W, Barrett A, et al. Assessment of the regional economic impacts of catastrophic Events: a CGE analysis of resource loss and behavioral effects of a radiological dispersion device attack scenario. Risk Analysis. 2012;32:583-600. [DOI:10.1111/j.1539-6924.2010.01567.x] [PMID]
44. Cutter SL. The landscape of disaster resilience indicators in the USA. Natural hazards. 2016;80(2):741-758. [DOI:10.1007/s11069-015-1993-2]
45. Rose A. Benefit-cost analysis of economic resilience actions. Oxford research encyclopedia of natural hazard science. 2017. [DOI:10.1093/acrefore/9780199389407.013.69]
46. Rose A. Economic resilience to natural and man-made disasters: Multidisciplinary origins and contextual dimensions. Environmental Hazards. 2007;7(4):383-398. [DOI:10.1016/j.envhaz.2007.10.001]
47. Rose A. COVID-19 economic impacts in perspective: A comparison to recent US disasters. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction. 2021;60:102317. [DOI:10.1016/j.ijdrr.2021.102317] [PMID] []
48. Control CfD, Rothstein MA, Alcalde MG, et al. Quarantine and isolation: Lessons learned from SARS. University of Louisville School of Medicine, Institute for Bioethics, Health …; 2003.
49. Manuell ME, Cukor J. Mother Nature versus human nature: public compliance with evacuation and quarantine. Disasters. 2011;35(2):417-442. [DOI:10.1111/j.1467-7717.2010.01219.x] [PMID]
50. Cheng ZJ, Shan J. 2019 Novel coronavirus: where we are and what we know. Infection. 2020;48:155-163. [DOI:10.1007/s15010-020-01401-y] [PMID] []
51. Ahmad T, Haroon, Baig M, Hui J. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic and Economic Impact. Pak J Med Sci. May 2020;36(Covid19-s4):S73-s78. doi:10.12669/pjms.36.COVID19-S4.2638 [DOI:10.12669/pjms.36.COVID19-S4.2638]
52. Thrusfield M. Veterinary epidemiology. John Wiley & Sons; 2018.
53. Forsythe E, Kahn LB, Lange F, Wiczer D. Labor demand in the time of COVID-19: Evidence from vacancy postings and UI claims. Journal of public economics. 2020;189:104238. [DOI:10.1016/j.jpubeco.2020.104238] [PMID] []
54. Rojas FL, Jiang X, Montenovo L, Simon KI, Weinberg BA, Wing C. Is the cure worse than the problem itself? Immediate labor market effects of COVID-19 case rates and school closures in the US. 2020. [DOI:10.3386/w27127]
55. Goldstein JR, Lee RD. Demographic perspectives on the mortality of COVID-19 and other epidemics. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2020;117(36):22035-22041. [DOI:10.1073/pnas.2006392117] [PMID] []
56. Lin PZ, Meissner CM. A note on long-run persistence of public health outcomes in pandemics. 2020. [DOI:10.3386/w27119]
57. Hamedi Erfan; Zandieh, Mohammad Arad. The Importance of Protecting Health Information against Cyber Attacks in Covid-19 Pandemic Era. presented at: 3rd National Conference on Cyber Defense; 2022; [In Persian].
58. Ahmed J, Malik F, Arif TB, et al. Availability of personal protective equipment (PPE) among US and Pakistani doctors in COVID-19 pandemic. Cureus. 2020;12(6)
59. Suleiman A, Bsisu I, Guzu H, et al. Preparedness of frontline doctors in Jordan healthcare facilities to COVID-19 outbreak. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020;17(9):3181. [DOI:10.3390/ijerph17093181] [PMID] []
60. Brodeur A, Gray D, Islam A, Bhuiyan S. A literature review of the economics of COVID‐19. Journal of Economic Surveys. 2021;35(4):1007-1044. [DOI:10.1111/joes.12423] [PMID] []
61. Gupta S, Montenovo L, Nguyen T, et al. Effects of social distancing policy on labor market outcomes. Contemporary Economic Policy. 2023;41(1):166-193. [DOI:10.1111/coep.12582] [PMID] []
62. Gourinchas P-O. Flattening the pandemic and recession curves. Mitigating the COVID economic crisis: Act fast and do whatever. 2020;31(2):57-62.
63. DiGiovanni C, Conley J, Chiu D, Zaborski J. Factors influencing compliance with quarantine in Toronto during the 2003 SARS outbreak. Biosecurity and bioterrorism: biodefense strategy, practice, and science. 2004;2(4):265-272. [DOI:10.1089/bsp.2004.2.265] [PMID]
64. Yoon M-K, Kim S-Y, Ko H-S, Lee M-S. System effectiveness of detection, brief intervention and refer to treatment for the people with post-traumatic emotional distress by MERS: a case report of community-based proactive intervention in South Korea. International journal of mental health systems. 2016;10:1-5. [DOI:10.1186/s13033-016-0083-5] [PMID] []
65. Mihashi M, Otsubo Y, Yinjuan X, Nagatomi K, Hoshiko M, Ishitake T. Predictive factors of psychological disorder development during recovery following SARS outbreak. Health Psychology. 2009;28(1):91. [DOI:10.1037/a0013674] [PMID]
66. Lee S, Chan LY, Chau AM, Kwok KP, Kleinman A. The experience of SARS-related stigma at Amoy Gardens. Social science & medicine. 2005;61(9):2038-2046. [DOI:10.1016/j.socscimed.2005.04.010] [PMID] []
67. Marjanovic Z, Greenglass ER, Coffey S. The relevance of psychosocial variables and working conditions in predicting nurses' coping strategies during the SARS crisis: an online questionnaire survey. International journal of nursing studies. 2007;44(6):991-998. [DOI:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2006.02.012] [PMID] []
68. Braunack-Mayer A, Tooher R, Collins JE, Street JM, Marshall H. Understanding the school community's response to school closures during the H1N1 2009 influenza pandemic. BMC public health. 2013;13(1):1-15. [DOI:10.1186/1471-2458-13-344] [PMID] []
69. Bai Y, Lin C-C, Lin C-Y, Chen J-Y, Chue C-M, Chou P. Survey of stress reactions among health care workers involved with the SARS outbreak. Psychiatric services. 2004;55(9):1055-1057. [DOI:10.1176/appi.ps.55.9.1055] [PMID]
70. Sprang G, Silman M. Posttraumatic stress disorder in parents and youth after health-related disasters. Disaster medicine and public health preparedness. 2013;7(1):105-110. [DOI:10.1017/dmp.2013.22] [PMID]
71. Liu X, Kakade M, Fuller CJ, et al. Depression after exposure to stressful events: lessons learned from the severe acute respiratory syndrome epidemic. Comprehensive psychiatry. 2012;53(1):15-23. [DOI:10.1016/j.comppsych.2011.02.003] [PMID] []
72. Taylor MR, Agho KE, Stevens GJ, Raphael B. Factors influencing psychological distress during a disease epidemic: data from Australia's first outbreak of equine influenza. BMC public health. 2008;8(1):1-13. [DOI:10.1186/1471-2458-8-347] [PMID] []
73. Czeisler MÉ, Lane RI, Petrosky E, et al. Mental health, substance use, and suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic-United States, June 24-30, 2020. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 2020;69(32):1049. [DOI:10.15585/mmwr.mm6932a1] [PMID] []
74. Rasmussen SA, Wang J, Li X, Cao G, Wu X, Wang Z. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID. Ann Oncol. 2020;79:19-21.
75. McGowan ML, Norris AH, Bessett D. Care churn-why keeping clinic doors open isn't enough to ensure access to abortion. The New England journal of medicine. 2020;383(6):508-510. [DOI:10.1056/NEJMp2013466] [PMID]
76. Colasanti KJ, Conner DS, Smalley SB. Understanding barriers to farmers' market patronage in Michigan: perspectives from marginalized populations. Journal of Hunger & Environmental Nutrition. 2010;5(3):316-338. [DOI:10.1080/19320248.2010.504097]
77. Kaye AD, Okeagu CN, Pham AD, et al. Economic impact of COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare facilities and systems: International perspectives. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol. Oct 2021;35(3):293-306. doi:10.1016/j.bpa.2020.11.009 [DOI:10.1016/j.bpa.2020.11.009] [PMID] []
78. Yasenov VI. Who can work from home? 2020; [DOI:10.31219/osf.io/89k47] []
79. Alon T, Doepke M, Olmstead-Rumsey J, Tertilt M. The impact of COVID-19 on gender equality. 2020. [DOI:10.3386/w26947]
80. Bong C-L, Brasher C, Chikumba E, McDougall R, Mellin-Olsen J, Enright A. The COVID-19 pandemic: effects on low-and middle-income countries. Anesthesia and analgesia. 2020; [DOI:10.1213/ANE.0000000000004846] [PMID] []
81. Shuchman M. Low-and middle-income countries face up to COVID-19. Nat Med. 2020;26(7):986-8. [DOI:10.1038/d41591-020-00020-2] [PMID]
82. World Health Organization (WHO). Infodemic. https://www.who.int/health-topics/infodemic#tab=tab_1
83. Almond D, Du X, Zhang S. Did COVID-19 improve air quality near Hubei? National Bureau of Economic Research Cambridge, MA, USA; 2020.
84. Cicala S, Holland SP, Mansur ET, Muller NZ, Yates AJ. Expected health effects of reduced air pollution from COVID-19 social distancing. Atmosphere. 2021;12(8):951. [DOI:10.3390/atmos12080951]
85. Ahmed SAS, Ajisola M, Azeem K, et al. Impact of the societal response to COVID-19 on access to healthcare for non-COVID-19 health issues in slum communities of Bangladesh, Kenya, Nigeria and Pakistan: results of pre-COVID and COVID-19 lockdown stakeholder engagements. BMJ global health. 2020;5(8):e003042. [DOI:10.1136/bmjgh-2020-003042] [PMID] []
86. Mahmood S, Hasan K, Carras MC, Labrique A. Global preparedness against COVID-19: we must leverage the power of digital health. JMIR Public Health and Surveillance. 2020;6(2):e18980. [DOI:10.2196/18980] [PMID] []
87. Health TLP. COVID-19 pandemic: what's next for public health? The Lancet Public Health. 2022;7(5):e391. [DOI:10.1016/S2468-2667(22)00095-0] [PMID]
88. Zandieh, Mohammad Arad; Rajabi, Romina; Akbarein, Hesamedin. Review on Telemedicine in Animal Health. presented at: The first international telemedicine conference; 2021; https://civilica.com/doc/1563032; [In Persian].
ارسال پیام به نویسنده مسئول
| بازنشر اطلاعات | |
 |
این مقاله تحت شرایط Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License قابل بازنشر است. |
اخلاق نشر
این نشریه با احترام به قوانین اخلاق در نشریات تابع قوانین کمیتۀ اخلاق در انتشار (COPE) می باشد و از آیین نامه اجرایی قانون پیشگیری و مقابله با تقلب در آثار علمی پیروی می نماید.
